Which term describes an employee's record of performance over time?

The correct choice is based on the fact that "track record" specifically refers to an employee's consistent performance and achievements throughout their career. This term emphasizes the cumulative nature of an individual’s performance, highlighting both successes and failures over time.

In contrast, "performance history" and "employment file" may imply a record of appraisal scores or statistical data regarding performance but lack the broader context and implications of an ongoing narrative that "track record" encompasses. "Career achievements" focuses more on specific milestones or accomplishments without necessarily considering overall performance over time.

A "track record" provides a comprehensive view of how an employee has performed throughout their tenure, making it the most suitable choice for describing an employee's performance record over a duration.